Oestrogen confers cardioprotection by suppressing Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II

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Oestrogen confers cardioprotection by suppressing Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Oestrogen confers cardioprotection by down-regulating the beta(1)-adrenoceptor and suppressing the expression and activity of protein kinase A. We hypothesized that oestrogen may also protect the heart by suppressing Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), another signalling messenger activated by the beta(1)-adrenoceptor, that enhances apoptosis. EXPERI...

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Transcriptional activation of DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit gene expression by oestrogen receptor-α

The cellular response to DNA double-strand break (DSB) occurs through an integrated sensing and signalling network that maintains genomic stability. Oestrogen (E2), among its many functions, is known to have a positive effect on global genomic DNA repair; however, the mechanism by which it functions is unclear. A central enzyme involved in DNA DSB repair in mammalian cells is the DNA-dependent ...

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Autoactivation of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II by autophosphorylation.

Autophosphorylation of calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II (CaM-kinase II) under limiting conditions (2 microM ATP) decreased progressively with increasing concentrations of a substrate, Pro-Leu-Ala-Arg-Thr-Leu-Ser-Val-Ala-Gly-Leu-Pro-Gly-Lys-Lys (syntide-2), suggesting a competition between the substrate and the autophosphorylation site(s) of the enzyme. The rate and extent of the gen...

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Cardioprotection by H2S engages a cGMP-dependent protein kinase G/phospholamban pathway.

AIMS H2S is known to confer cardioprotection; however, the pathways mediating its effects in vivo remain incompletely understood. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the contribution of cGMP-regulated pathways in the infarct-limiting effect of H2S in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS Anaesthetized rabbits were subjected to myocardial ischaemia (I)/reperfusion (R), and infarct size was det...

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Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II.

There is a great deal known about the in vitro properties of CaM kinase II, both in terms of its substrate specificity and its regulation by calmodulin and autophosphorylation. Much of this characterization is based on experiments performed with the rat brain isozyme of CaM kinase II, although in the aspects examined to date isozymes of the kinase from other tissues appear to behave in a broadl...

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: British Journal of Pharmacology

سال: 2009

ISSN: 0007-1188,1476-5381

DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00212.x